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Verkle Tree Meaning

A Verkle tree is a form of vector commitment and a generalisation of a Merkle tree, designed to provide cryptographic commitments to large sets of data with smaller proofs. In a Merkle tree, each node contains the hash of its two children, requiring logarithmic proof sizes.

Verkle trees use polynomial commitments at each node, allowing many more child commitments and drastically reducing proof sizes. Ethereum developers are exploring Verkle trees as a way to reduce the amount of data nodes must store and transmit when verifying the blockchain state, thereby improving scalability.

Verkle trees enable stateless clients, which do not need to store the entire state but can still produce and verify transactions by relying on succinct proofs.

Although research and implementation are ongoing, Verkle trees may be integrated in future Ethereum upgrades to enhance efficiency and decentralisation.

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