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Layer-2 rollups Meaning

A specific type of Layer 2 scaling solution that "rolls up" or bundles hundreds of private transactions into a single transaction that is then posted to the Layer 1. Rollups are currently the most popular way to scale Ethereum because they provide the best balance of speed and security.

There are two main types: Optimistic Rollups (which assume transactions are valid unless proven otherwise by a "fraud proof") and ZK-Rollups (which use "Zero-Knowledge Proofs" to mathematically prove that every transaction in the bundle is valid). ZK-rollups are technically superior but more complex to build.

Rollups significantly reduce the "gas" cost for users because the expensive fee of posting to the L1 is split among all the users in the bundle.

They allow for a "seamless" user experience where you can interact with DeFi or NFTs with the same security as the main chain but for a fraction of the cost.

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